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GLOSSARY |
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The following terms have been largely selected from the glossary of
the Gender Statistics Website of the United Nations Economic
Commission (UNECE). See
UNECE gender statistics glossary.
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Gender
Refers to the socially constructed relationship between women
and men and the attributes, behavior and activities each is expected
to adhere to. Gender differences are determined and reinforced by
cultural, historical, ethnic, religious and economic factors.
Gender is often wrongly conflated with ‘sex', which refers to the
biological differences between women and men.
See
sex.
Gender analysis
Tool used to identify and understand social relations of production.
Gender analysis focuses on differences in the status and activities
of women and men, including differences in access to and control
over power and resources.
Gender and development
Adopted in the 1980's, 'gender and development' is an analytical
and programmatic approach that aims to address the underlying causes
of gender disparities and achieve women's empowerment by improving
their status relative to men.
The 'gender and development approach' differs significantly from the
‘women in development' approach of the 1970's, which attempted to
address women's needs in isolation, rather than in relation, to men.
See women in development.
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Gender disaggregated data
Data collected on women and men separately in relation to all
aspects of their functioning – ethnicity, class, caste, age,
location.
Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)
Measures gender inequality in economic and political spheres of
activity.
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Economic participation and
decision-making are measured by the percentage of female
administrators and managers, and professional and technical
workers.
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Political participation and
decision-making are measured by the percentage of seats in
parliament held by women. |
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Power
over economic resources is measured by women's
GDP per capita (PPP US$).
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Gender equality
Refers to norms, values, attitudes
and perceptions required to attain equal status between women and
men without neutralizing the biological differences between them.
Gender equity
Fairness
in women and men's access to socio-economic resources.
A
condition in which women and men participate as equals and have
equal access to socio-economic resources.
Gender indicators
Standards
used to measure changes in the status and roles of women and men,
particularly progress towards
gender equality and
gender equity. Gender indicators are developed on
the basis of
gender issues. Indicators are expressed as numbers,
percentages, rates or ratios and can be a single figure or
distribution.
Gender issue
Refers to
any aspect of women and men's lives and gender relations, including
their access to, and control over, resources and opportunities.
Gender mainstreaming
An
institutional policy and programme strategy that seeks to integrate
women's concerns into all sectors of activity. Gender mainstreaming
contrasts to ‘women-specific' approaches that advocate separate
activities for women.
See also gender planning.
Gender planning
A planning approach based on gender
analysis and an awareness that seeks to include women, on an equal
basis with men, as participants and beneficiaries. Gender planning
also attempts to redress gender disparities created or intensified
by socio-cultural factors.
See also
gender mainstreaming.
Gender-related development index (GDI)
Includes the same basic data as the
human development index, but focuses on the
differences between women and men in terms of life expectancy,
literacy, primary, secondary and tertiary enrolment as well as
earned income.
Gross domestic product (GDP) at
market prices
Principal measure of total economic
activity occurring within a country's geographical boundary.
Gross enrolment ratio
Total enrolment for this
educational level (regardless of age) divided by the population of
the age group that should be enrolled at this level at the beginning
of the academic/school year according to national regulations.
See also net enrolment ratio.
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UNECE |
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UNIFEM |
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UNDP |
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UNSTATS |
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AGFUND |
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CAWTAR |
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IDRC |
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